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es. The HBO Now app provides a way for cable-
                                                                cutters to access HBO without cable, while HBO Go
                                                                allows cable subscribers to access HBO on phones
                                                                and tablets. Neither are going away anytime soon,
                                                                but the times they are a-changin'.
                                                                   Enter HBO Max. Launched in late May, HBO Max
                                                                joins Disney+ and AppleTV+ in the on-demand
                                                                streaming market currently dominated by Netflix and
                                                                Amazon. If you have an HBO cable subscription,
                                                                HBO Go is free. If you have HBO Now, you may be
                                                                offered an upgrade to HBO Max. If you are new to
                                                                HBO, jump straight to HBO Max.
                                                                   The times are changing. HBO's future beyond ca-
                                                                ble is a premiumpriced service with a mix of legacy
                                                                titles and new programs.
         Which  country  made  it  illegal  to  own  just  one
         guinea pig?                                            Q. Occasionally I get warnings that I am close to hit-
                                                                ting my data cap. What can I do to lessen data use?
                  Brazil
                                                                A. Although everyone uses the Internet differently,
                  Iran                                         video streaming almost always takes up the over-
                                                                whelming share of total data use.
                  Ethiopia                                        The most obvious way to use less data is to watch
                                                                less video, but there is another, often overlooked
                  Switzerland                                  approach: switch to a smaller sized stream.
                                                                   Video size is not very prominent to most users.
                                                                The stream for your device is selected automatically,
                                                                based on app preferences, the speed of your con-
         (Continued from page 16)                               nection, and the screen size of the device. That
                                                                works most of the time, but it can result in a stream
            I usually use a pre-moistened alcohol hand wipe     that consumes more data than necessary.
         and wait a couple of minutes for any liquid to evapo-     Take a look at a YouTube video. Under a small
         rate, followed by a clean cloth to polish away any     gear icon is a popup menu that includes an item ti-
         leftover streaks. A minimal amount of liquid and the   tled "Quality." Usually you will see a range of choic-
         right cloth can do wonders to keep a device looking    es that start around 300 and go up to 1080 or more.
         great and reasonably well disinfected.                 These numbers describe the resolution of a video
                                                                stream, but the effect is to change the total number
                                                                of data bits that fill the video frame.
                                                                The "Auto" option will make its best guess for what
                                                                you need, but often you can go a step or two lower
                                                                without diminishing the viewing experience.
                                                                   "Quality" settings exist in most streaming apps, but
                                                                too often they are hidden away and hard to find.
                                                                How much you can lower the quality depends on
                                                                many factors, including the content itself, the screen
                                                                size, and the distance to the screen. Even the quality
                                                                of your eyesight plays a role.
         Q. What is the difference between HBO Now and             Now that you know what is possible, try experi-
         HBO Go?                                                menting with the services you use most. The data
         A. Science fiction movies love to use popular          needed to view one two-hour Netflix movie on a wall
         brands to make the future seem familiar.               TV will be cut by two-thirds by switching from HD to
         A classic example was 2001: A Space Odyssey,           Standard Definition. That is a lot of data.
         where names like Hilton and Bell Telephone implied
         that the future will resemble the past.
            Here in the present, HBO is now owned by AT&T.
         You read that right, the company formerly nick-
         named "Ma Bell" is now a media conglomerate. And
         HBO is no longer constrained by the cable box, it is
         a line of services paraded under the HBO banner.
            HBO Now and HBO Go are for different audienc-


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